FIV+ Cats: The Truth

Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV) is one of the most misunderstood feline diagnoses. It is not a death sentence. While there is no cure, most FIV+ cats live long, normal lives with no special care.

What is Feline Immunodeficiency Virus?

FIV is a feline retrovirus that may disrupt normal immune function and make a cat more susceptible to illnesses due to a lowered immune system. FIV is only transmissible from cat to cat and is not transmissible to humans, dogs, or other species. While there is no cure, these cats can live long and normal lives.

How is FIV diagnosed?

A blood test will confirm FIV.

How long can I expect my FIV-infected cat to live?

While it is impossible to predict the life expectancy of a cat infected with FIV, most FIV-positive cats live long, normal lives; statistically, there is no difference in lifespan. Several long-term studies show that these cats can live as long and as healthy as non-FIV cats and ultimately die of the same causes.

How is FIV spread?

FIV is transmitted either by sex or by deep, blood-drawing bite wounds from infected cats, which usually occur during fighting. Casual contact, such as sharing litter boxes, bowls, or mutual grooming, has not been found to be a means of transmission. This virus does not survive outside of the feline body.

What are the signs of disease caused by FIV?

While there are no symptoms of the virus itself, symptoms seen are often related to secondary infection rather than the primary virus. Signs may include but are not limited to:

Dental disease/inflammation of the mouth and gums
Respiratory disease or other infections
Neurologic disorders, including seizures and behavior changes
Non-healing wounds

Are any treatments available for cats with FIV?

While FIV is not a curable condition, supportive care may help prevent secondary conditions. It is recommended that FIV-positive cats be altered and receive regular veterinary care; however, no special care needs to be taken for a cat with FIV.

Why we say "adopt FIV+"

FIV+ cats are often passed over at shelters. They tend to be some of the most loving, gentle cats we have, and adopting one saves a life that otherwise wouldn't get a second look.